Showing posts with label pcb milling. Show all posts
Showing posts with label pcb milling. Show all posts

Makerarm Robotic Multitool

Makerarm is another step towards full desktop manufacturing system. It is a robotic arm with many tool attachments for 3d printing, milling, drawing foam cutting, PCB manufacturing and other.
It still looks like hobby or entry-level system but we are slowly moving towards prosumer home production robots.
It supports both FDM and SLA 3d printing.


Makerarm promotional video:




Makerarm homepage:

http://makerarm.com/

It is also on Kickstarter where you can get it:

https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1849283018/makerarm-the-first-robotic-arm-that-makes-anything


3d printing Makerarm attachment. It also supports SLA 3d printing.  

How to Make a PCB with Sharp Metal Rod Attachment

Here is a simple new method on how to make a PCB with your 3d printer. It doesn't use a CNC milling attachment but a simple sharp metal rod attached instead of an extruder which scrapes away permanent marker layer form a standard copper PCB blank.
PCB is then finished in ferric chloride bath.

Video of the process:



Very detailed step-by-step tutorial and .stl for the K8200 rod attachment (you will have to redesign it for other printers):

http://www.lamja.com/?p=635


Metal rod attachment scraping away marker paint layer on a PCB

TwinTeeth home manufacturing PCB factory mulitool with 3d printer

There are more and more home manufacturing tools and TwinTeeth is one of the more developed I saw.
It is a multitool reversed Delta machine mainly orientated towards PCB manufacturing but it can serve as 3d printer also. It is fully open sourced with plans so you can easily build it yourself or customize it to your needs. True ability for distributed manufacturing.

It has following functions and exchangeable tool options:
  • UV Laser photoengraving on sensitive film or pre-sensitized boards using an ultraviolet laser.
  • Drilling vias and holes using any mini-rotary tool like Dremel® or Proxxon®.
  • Dispensing solder paste with precision on SMD PCB pads.
  • Plotting circuits with a permanent pen-maker
  • 3D printing knobs, casings, front-panels, even print circuits with conductive filament, or make circuits supports.
  • Milling/Carving soft materials or etching PCB copper with a v-bit (if you prefer this etching method).
TwinTeet core inverse Delta and replaceable toolheads in front of it







Here is a video of it in action:



TwinTeeth technical specifications from the project page:
  • Working area (X,Y,Z): 70x80x60mm reduced considerably to an “Arduino™ shield-size” because it's preferred to do something small but precise. Users rarely create big circuit boards and reducing the working area has some benefits: the robot is cheaper, more precise, more robust, smaller and more manageable. However, it’s scalable, so you can make it bigger if you want.
  • Motion: TwinTeeth is powered by three Nema 17 motors, lead-screws and anti-backlash nuts.
  • Speed: it can go as fast as 1200-1500mm/min.
  • Code: it supports G-Code, postscript and BMP files. Eagle CadSoft can export to postscript format very easily. Support BMP files means than in addition to PCBs it can also print and etch photos on copper, alu or bronze.
  • Laser: using the same PHR-803T optical pickup than DiyouPCB with a wavelength of 405nm.
  • Rastering: the robot draws the PCB circuits in rastering mode in a similar way any paper printer does: moving the laser (or the bed in our case) from one side of the printer to the other.
  • Resolution: In rastering mode it's printing at 600DPI resolution. The laser beam spot is approx. 0.04 wide when is focused. Incredibly thin! Theorically mechanical precision is 0.94um.
  • Auto bed-levelling – it keeps the bed flat with a tolerance of less than 0.01mm while the robot is moving. It’s very important to improve printing quality and provide precision.
  • Auto-Focus: - small focus differences on the PCB surface affect printing quality so implemented a robust focusing system which takes some points on the PCB and extrapolates the results with a bilinear equation. With that info the robot adjusts the focus automatically while printing.
  • Infrared focusing: the auto-focus system uses an infrared laser to avoid film blurring. Films or presensitized boards are only sensible to ultraviolet light.
  • Electronics – using the well known combination of Arduino™ Mega + RAMPS 1.4 + A4988 Motor Drivers. Improved the Pickup Driver Circuit developed for DiyouPCB and now it includes new features.
  • Precision fixture bed – it is very important to keep the PCB fixed to the bed while the robot is moving. Also, when printing two-sided PCBs you have to be sure that both sides are correctly aligned. TwinTeeth includes a precision aluminium fixture bed and dowel pins which allow correct fixing and positioning of the PCBs. A stencil is also included which helps to drill the PCB’s 4-positions holes.
  • Camera – included a small USB camera because it is difficult to see tiny details on high-density PCBs. The camera is also useful to set the home position which is very important to obtain accuracy.
  • 3D Printing:  FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication) with 1.75mm PLA/ABS and a 0.35mm extrusion nozzle. Printing quality is similar to any 3D printer you can find in the market.
TwinTeeth software:
  • TwinTeeth Firmware: deeply modified Marlin firmware to support multiple tools, manage and control the laser, implement the auto-focus system, print in rastering mode, improve the buffering, and much more.
  • TwinTeeth Management Console – TwinTeeth comes with a new easy-to-use management console which includes functionality specially designed for the multi-tool environment. Included functions to calibrate the printer, move the axis (jogging), and adjust the parameters of each tool. This software communicates with the robot through an USB 2.0 port.
  • TwinTeeth Eagle ULPs – developed some ULPs (Eagles’s user language programs) to generate the drilling and paste dispensing g-code files. You can also use the files generated by other ULPs like PCBCode.
  • Eagle Cadsoft – It is a popular electronic CAD software company. They provide a freeware version for non-commercial use. It easily generates the postscript, drilling and solder paste dispensing files which TwinTeeth uses to make the circuits.
  • 3D Slicing software– for 3D printing you can use any slicer software like Slic3R or Cura.

TwinTeeth homepage:

http://www.diyouware.com/front

Since it is an open source project you can get all the files to make it here and start your own home PCB factory:

http://www.diyouware.com/twth_getit


Carvey desktop hobby CNC router

Carvey is a desktop CNC router from Inventables. They call it desktop carver since they think "cnc router" would be confusing for new users.

It can carve in many materials including soft metals:
  • Hardwoods like walnut, maple, and mahogany
  • Softwoods like pine and balsa
  • Cork
  • Plywoods and MDF
  • Soft metals including aluminum, copper, brass, silver and gold
  • Circuit boards
  • Plastics like acrylic, HDPE, Delrin, Corian and PVC
  • Waxes and foams
  • Linoleum and other stamping materials
It was first launched on Kickstarter where it was successfully funded:




KS campaign:

https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/carvey/carvey-the-3d-carving-machine-for-the-maker-in-all/description

Carvey demonstration:


Carvey homepage: https://www.inventables.com/technologies/carvey

Carvey technical specifications:
  • Machine Footprint: 24" x 24" x 18” (61cm x 61cm x 46cm)
  • Work Area: 12” x 8” x 2.75” (30cm x 20cm x 7cm)
  • *Repeatability 0.001" to 0.003" 
  • Run out: .0006" (.01524mm)
  • Spindle RPM: 3000-12,000 (300W)
  • Weight Approx: 60 lbs. (27kg)
  • Materials it Can Cut: wood, soft metals, foam, plastics, circuit boards
  • Connectivity: USB Port 
  • Computer System Requirements: Chrome web browser, 64 bit Mac or Windows, USB Port.
  • Price at 1999 USD range for base model
Here is Barnacules touring the Inventables offices and reviewing the Carvey:



Carvey has a nice design but there are no independent reviews or test.

Carvey desktop cnc router

Example of a casing and components made with Carvey


ZeGo delta robot with multiple tool heads







ZeGo is multifunctional delta configuration robot with multiple tool heads. It is much more then just a 3d printer. All tools can be easily replaced via magnetic joint attachments. This delta and other hybrid multitool machines are step closer towards desktop production cell. It would be interesting feature if several machines of this type could be linked and connected with some sort of transport platform. Small robotic factory on a table ...

ZeGo can use following tools:
  • Plotter – An automatic drawing device used on paper or LCD sketchpads.
  • 3D Printer Extruder – Prints using a fused filament fabrication (FFF) technique, and PLA plastic filament heated at 185 degrees C.
  • Wood Burner – Hot end device for burning designs into various materials
  • Pick&Place – Entry level pick/place machine with forth access availability
  • Engraver/PCB Mill – for engraving PCB prototypes.
Company homepage:

http://zegorobotics.com/

Here is the Indiegogo campaign preview:

https://www.indiegogo.com/project/preview/7a5bfc63#home

It will be on Indigogo very soon.


ZeGo delta robot

Plotter 

Wood burner

Engraver / PCB mill

Pick and place attachment 

3d printing extruder

Things printed on ZeGo













































































































































Similar machines are:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2014/01/mtm-multifab-multitool-desktop.html

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2013/09/zmorph-personal-fabricator-3d-printer.html





MTM Multifab multitool desktop manufacturing machine

MTM Multifab is truly multifunctional desktop manufacturing machine that was very innovative and ground breaking in the field of  DIY 3d printing when it was developed. Ultimaker, very well known and powerful 3d printer,  is based on this machine.
Multifab has several replaceable tool head options:

  • MACHINING SPINDLE, A high-speed (20K RPM) spindle supports light subtractive machining. The spindle can be constructed entirely from off-the-shelf compoents.
  • VINYL CUTTER, A razor blade tool which allows 2D cutting of sheet material. Some applications are flexible circuit boards, stickers, silkscreen masks, and more.
  • REPEATING PIPETTER, This fluid dispensing toolhead was created in collaboration with MIT's Innovations in International Health program, and has uses in automated biology research and disease diagnostics fabrication.
  • PLOTTER HEAD, A pen attached to the multifab can allow easy labeling of objects, caligraphy, etc...
  • 5 AXIS TRUNNION, This attachment permits 5-axis machining of components on the Multifab. Potential applications include variabl-helix screws, impellers, and 5-sided machining operations.
  • PLASTIC EXTRUDER, Based on the Rep-Rap project, this extrusion head will enable additive manufacturing in plastics such as ABS.



MTM Multifab 3d printing






























Here are some videos of Multifab in action writing and pipettering:





Demonstration of the MTM Multifab fitted with an auto-pipetting toolhead. The toolhead was designed with Amber Houghstow and Jose Gomez-Marquez of the MIT Innovations in International Health program, with the goal of automating production of XoutTB diagnostic assays. Perhaps it can also find a use in the DIY Bio community.
The MTM Multifab is part of the MIT Center for Bits and Atoms Machines That Make project.

Here is overview of Multifabs components, tools and development status:


http://mtm.cba.mit.edu/fabinabox/devmultifab.html

The instructions, plans and BOMs should be available for anyone who wants to build it, but all the files and documents links I tried on the site were broken. I hope it will be repaired soon, the public could benefit greatly with this machine.

Fab-in-a-Box


The Multifab is core machine of FAB in a Box framework system that should provide full digital fabrication environment that user could make at their home from simple parts. It contains:

Infrastructure. All of the key services which allow Fab-in-a-Box to be a cohesive toolset. These include the network, the box itself, power distribution, etc. It consist of the:

  1. VIRTUAL MACHINE ENVIRONMENT, The flexible Fab-in-a-Box machine control and interface environment.  
  2. THE NETWORK: FABNET, An RS485-based network is the nervous system of the toolset, which connects the "brain" - a laptop running control software - to the tools and sensors comprising Fab-in-a-Box. 
  3. THE SUITCASE, The suitcase is the heart of the matter. It is what contains the entire fab in a box project.

Multifab. A computer-controlled multipurpose fabrication tool. Work includes integration into the box, the xyz motion stage, and multiple toolheads to perform various fabrication tasks. Multifab has many subsystems, components and parts:

  1. XYZ GANTRY, The key component of the multifab tool is a high-speed and rigid xyz gantry capable of accomodating a wide range of fabrication processes.  
  2. 3-AXIS MOTION CONTROL, The multifab gantry is controlled by a networked controller board capable of controlling three stepper motor drivers simultaneously.  
  3. H-BRIDGE, This module is able to control the average voltage across a load, such as the spindle's DC motor, using a technique called Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).  
  4. RC SERVO CONTROLLER, RC servos, typically found in radio controlled airplane models, use feedback to control the position of their output shaft. This controller can set the position of up to 8 servos, and is used in the auto-pipetter toolhead.  
  5. MACHINING SPINDLE, A high-speed (20K RPM) spindle supports light subtractive machining. The spindle can be constructed entirely from off-the-shelf compoents.  
  6. VINYL CUTTER, A razorblade tool which allows 2D cutting of sheet material. Some applications are flexible circuit boards, stickers, silkscreen masks, and more.  
  7. REPEATING PIPETTER, This fluid dispensing toolhead was created in collaboration with MIT's Innovations in International Health program, and has uses in automated biology research and disease diagnostics fabrication.
  8. PLOTTER HEAD, A pen attached to the multifab can allow easy labeling of objects, caligraphy, etc... 
  9. 5 AXIS TRUNNION, This attachment permits 5-axis machining of components on the Multifab. Potential applications include variabl-helix screws, impellers, and 5-sided machining operations. 
  10. 1-AXIS MOTION CONTROL, Additional axes can easily be simultaneously controlled by adding them onto the network. The disadvantage as compared to a multiple-axis controller is increased network load.
  11. PLASTIC EXTRUDER, Based on the Rep-Rap project, this extrusion head will enable additive manufacturing in plastics such as ABS.
  12. JOG DIAL, The multifab can be positioned by hand using a networked jog dial. This interface can also provide more complex control of parameters typically adjusted on the computer such as feed rate.

Other Fab. All other tools needed to make something. Examples are the soldering iron, hand tools, and programming interfaces.

  1. SOLDERING IRON, A soldering iron with temperature adjustment over the network.
  2. AUTO BINS, Parts bins which light up to indicate where a needed component is located. This could be part of a computer-assisted-stuffing project.
  3. FUME EXTRACTOR, A fume extractor with a ring of LED lights around its intake.
  4. IN-CIRCUIT PROGRAMMER, A network-attached microprocessor programmer.
  5. NETWORK BOOTLOADER, A bootloader which fetches programs over Fabnet.

Measurement. Networked instrumentation such as a multimeter and oscilloscope. This is one area which will hopefully expand greatly on the road.

  1. MULTIMETER, A multimeter which displays and records its readings on the Fab-in-a-Box laptop.
  2. OSCILLOSCOPE, An oscilloscope which displays and records its readings on the Fab-in-a-Box laptop.

Autodoc. Everything related to making it possible to document a project "without thought".


  1. EYE-FI CAMERA, A camera which wirelessly tranfers its time-stamped images to the Fab-in-a-Box auto-documentation software.
  2. RFID READER, Keeping track of which hand tools were used, and when, is made easy with an RFID reader.


Some of the components were never developed, and most of the building related file links can not be opened. Probably all the files are somewhere on the internet, it would be terrible if they get lost forever. I REALLY hope someone publishes them as open source soon.


Here is the Fab-in-a-Box website:

http://mtm.cba.mit.edu/fabinabox/

PDF presentation:

http://mtm.cba.mit.edu/fabinabox/fabinabox.pdf

PCB etching with UV laser on Pegasus Touch SLA 3d printer

The Pegasus Touch team found out another use for their printer. UV laser can etch UV sensible PCB boards to make surface for electronic components. Pegasus Touch will get software upgrade to implement this function.
This could become standard feature in all UV laser equipped stereolitographic 3d printers, their software and drivers need some simple upgrades which will hopefully be provided by manufacturers or third parties.



One commentator on Hackaday noted:
Neat, but useful?
Currently I print my board on two transparencies, then aligning them on the UV-sensitized board, then placing whole thing under a UV light source. Two minutes of work followed by five minutes of wait?
This new method would have me remove the resin tank, align and mount the PCB to the build platform (double sided tape?), convert my gerbers to a jpg/bmp, then finally print to the 3D printer?
IF it’s saving time/money, it doesn’t appear that significant. Maybe if mounting and aligning the PCB was very quick and easy? Although I’m imagining a frustrating process involving double-side tape and wasted copper clad trying to correct the alignment.

So, this function could be useful in some situations and usage scenarios, but you will get the PCB etching job done faster if you are experienced user. This upgrade is simple software addon, so it is nice to have some extra features in a single machine.

Learn more about Pegasus Touch SLA 3d printer:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2014/01/pegasus-touch-laser-sla-3d-printer.html

If you want to print circuits on your FDM printer you can try this:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2013/12/3d-printable-electronic-circuit.html

or get http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2013/12/cartesian-co-ex-desktop-electronic.html


Gnublin 3D printer and pcb mill hybrid



This is a project of 3d printer and low cost PCB mill hybrid machine with user swapable printhead / mill.
Embedded projects is developing it and surveying the market need and if they should build it.

More details and market survey:
http://shop.embedded-projects.net/index.php?module=special&action=printer&lang=en






More details on the Othermill, desktop CNC machine that is perfect companion to a 3d printer

Tested.com gives us the tour of Otherfab and presentation of Othermill, tabletop precision mill.  Othermill team member talks about design for milling and connection with 3d printing.  Primary job of the Othermill is PCb milling, but it can also mill aluminum and make molds from machinable wax.
Very cool device, perfect in synergy with a 3d printer.
There is a trend of hybrid machines with both 3d printing and milling options in one machine, but designated machines can probably do the specific job they were designed for much better.





First post about Othermill: http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2013/05/othermill-desktop-precision-mill.html


Company page: http://otherfab.com/, www.othermachine.co
Direct Othermill product page: http://www.othermachine.co/products/





Othermill frame 






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