Showing posts with label fractal. Show all posts
Showing posts with label fractal. Show all posts

3D Printed Antenna Knowledge Base

Since I'm getting more involved with communal WiFi mash networks and open source smart city project in my town, I decided to research and make a small knowledge base on 3d printed antennas.
This post will be updated as I gather new information.

Basically, there are two main areas of 3d printed antenna development: High-tech industrial and DIY. The main difference is in type of machines and purpose. Industrial 3d printers are very diverse with applications ranging from aerospace to consumer electronics, while DIY printers use mostly FDM and are used in hobby projects, drones, HAM etc.

High-tech industrial and commercial 3D printed antennas 


Optomec Aerosol Jet Antenna 3D printing


Optomec is an industry leader and they integrate their antennas in wide variety of products.



Here is the summary from process homepage:

Mobile device antennas including LTE, NFC, GPS, Wifi, WLAN, and BT have been printed using the Aerosol Jet process and independently tested by a leading cell phone component supplier.
Measured antenna performance is comparable to other production methods. The Aerosol Jet printing process is scalable – antennas can be printed on up to 4 cases simultaneously on a single machine. Machine throughput for a typical antenna pattern measuring ~300 mm2 averages 30,000 units per week. 
The Aerosol Jet printer lower manufacturing costs for antennas used in mobile devices. The process works with standard injection molded plastics – no special additives or coatings are required. Based on Aerosol Jet technology, the digital process prints conformal antennas using conductive nanoparticle silver inks.
The printing process accurately controls the location, geometry and thickness of the deposit and produces a smooth mirror-like surface finish to insure optimum antenna performance. No plating or environmentally harmful materials are used in the process.

You can see more on Optomec homepage:
http://www.optomec.com/additive-manufacturing/printed-electronics/aerosol-jet-core-applications/printed-antennas/

3D Printing antennas on curved surfaces with nanomaterials


From the source:
“Omnidirectional printing of metallic nanoparticle inks offers an attractive alternative for meeting the demanding form factors of 3D electrically small antennas (ESAs),” stated Jennifer A. Lewis, the Hans Thurnauer Professor of Materials Science and Engineering and director of the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory at Illinois.

“To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of 3D printed antennas on curvilinear surfaces,” Lewis stated. The research findings and fabrication methods developed by Bernhard, Lewis, and their colleagues are featured in the cover article,"Illinois Calling" of the March 18 issue of Advanced Materials (“Conformal Printing of Electrically Small Antennas on Three-Dimensional Surfaces”).

Source with more details:

http://engineering.illinois.edu/news/article/2011-03-15-3d-printing-method-advances-electrically-small-antenna-design

http://spectrum.ieee.org/nanoclast/semiconductors/nanotechnology/nanoparticles-enable-3d-printing-for-cell-phone-antennas

http://scholar.harvard.edu/files/lewisgroup/files/adams_advmat_2011.pdf

Here is a similar technology used at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory:


Source article and more information:

https://manufacturing.llnl.gov/additive-manufacturing/designer-engineered-materials

Fractal antenna systems 


Fractal Antenna Systems is a company that has been working for some 20 years in creating specialized antennas for military and civilian sector based on fractal patterns. They recently published that they also use 3d printers to make some designs.

Here are some other works on the topic of 3d printed antennas:


Fully 3D Printed 2.4 GHz Bluetooth/Wi-Fi Antenna by Paul Deffenbaugh, Kenneth Church from The University of Texas El Paso:  

http://utminers.utep.edu/pdeffenbaugh/2_4_ghz_imaps_paul.pdf

3D PRINTED ELECTROMAGNETIC TRANSMISSION AND ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES FABRICATED ON A SINGLE PLATFORM USING ADVANCED PROCESS INTEGRATION TECHNIQUES PAUL ISAAC DEFFENBAUGH, M.S.E.E. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (doctoral dissertation)

http://emlab.utep.edu/pdfs/Deffenbaugh_PhD_Dissertation.pdf

COMPACT FORM FITTING SMALL ANTENNAS USING THREEDIMENSIONAL RAPID PROTOTYPING by Bryan Jon Willis



Origami antennas and packaging using 3D printing technologies by John Kimionis and Manos Tentzeris

http://spie.org/x113138.xml

From other media:


3D printed satellite and space based antennas


I made a more detailed post here with several projects and materiel sources: 

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2012/12/3d-printed-satellites.html

DIY 3D printed antennas

 

If you search Thingiverse you will currently find 500+ projects tagged with "antenna".


As far as I know all of them are arrays where the actual antenna is some form of non-printed metal wire held by 3d printed frame or enclosure.

DVB-T antenna deigned to hold metal wire on 3d printed frame and that can be mounted on a back of a TV screen


There are many models ranging from UHF satellite communication arrays to drone piloting antennas like this one:




You can also make supports and guides to make more complex antenna designs like this DIY clover leaf antenna guide:































All the files and instructions:

http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1082803

http://flitetest.com/articles/Cloverleaf_Antenna


So can we produce real metal antennas on DIY machines? In theory there are two project that enable you to embed wire into your plastic filament:

Slew ring wire embedding:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2014/05/3d-printing-with-guided-slew-ring-wire.html

and Spoolhead:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2013/09/embedding-metal-wire-in-3d-printed.html

Future will show are there any projects working with conductive filaments, but I don't know anybody currently developing antennas based on them.

Services like Shapeways can print in metal (they actualy make molds and then cast metal AFAIK) so Shapeways list 300+ products tagged with "antenna".

Link: http://www.shapeways.com/search?q=antenna

Here is an example of Shapeways made antenna:

Right Hand Polarized Antenna 5.8GHz 3D - for RG316





Let me know if you have anything related to this subject. Any feedback is welcome. 

Presentation on design of 3D printed mathematical art by Henry Segerman

If you are mathematics geek, love advanced geometry, four dimensional space, fractals, knots and art you will enjoy this presentation. One hour worth watching of Henry Segerman from Oklahoma State University giving presentation on design of 3D printed mathematical art during Symposium on Computational Geometry 2014.




The presentation in PDF format can be found here:

https://www.math.okstate.edu/~segerman/talks/design_of_3d_printed_math_art.pdf




You can see Henrys four dimensional puzzles in action here:


Arup develops 3d printed steel elements for heavy construction


Arup developed 3d printed steel part 

Traditional steel element of same purpose











 From the source:
Using the latest 3D printing techniques, or more accurately, ‘additive manufacturing’ – the Arup team has produced a design method for critical structural steel elements for use in complex projects.

The work signals a whole new direction for the use of additive manufacturing in the field of construction and engineering. The research also shows that additive manufacturing has the potential to reduce costs, cut waste and slash the carbon footprint of the construction sector.
We created a redesign of a steel node for a light weight structure using additive manufacturing. Arup has a lot of experience with these kind of structures, for example the tensegrity structure of the Kurilpa Bridge in Australia. The complex geometry of these kind of nodes are an ideal showcase of the possibilities of this new technique.
"By using additive manufacturing we can create lots of complex individually designed pieces far more efficiently. This has tremendous implications for reducing costs and cutting waste. But most importantly, this approach potentially enables a very sophisticated design, without the need to simplify the design in a later stage to lower costs.”– Salomé Galjaard, Team Leader, Arup
A traditionally produced steel node is at the moment still cheaper to produce, but it is expected that this will change in the short term.

Source:

http://www.arup.com/News/2014_06_June/05_June_Construction_steelwork_makes_3D_printing_premiere.aspx

If you have some doubts and want to see more about high strength optimized 3d printed structures, take a look at:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2012/11/fractal-3d-printing-for-ultra-high.html


Topolabs developing non-layered 3d printing software




Current FDM 3d printers print in layers which comes with certain limitations and aesthetics.  Topolabs is developing software that will enable 3d printing freed from constrains of layered printhead paths. Filament will travel in more organic shapes in all 3 dimensions. It will also enable more curved graphical and decorative surface elements printed directly on the object.


TopoLabs initial software suite will include:

  • Strength Designer: By printing 3D paths instead of flat layers, you can easily orient the "grain" to your part's inherent shape. Woodworkers have aligned the grain to the task for thousands of years. Now your printer can too. 
  • Flexible Part Designer: Easily create flexible, fabric-like structures. Many products that would typically be made of thick canvas, nylon fabric or leather can now be 3D printed directly in engineering polymers. With some of the new elastomer and advanced material filaments available the possibilities are endless. 
  • Aesthetics & Line Art: start with any sketch or photo and your printer can create beautiful line art on 2D and 3D surfaces of parts. Think of it like embroidery or 3D graphics you can apply to many types of surfaces. 
  • Layer Locking for even more strength: When you do need flat layers, lock them together. Topolabs layer locking tools interconnect adjacent layers using transverse rays to eliminate cleavage planes so your parts won't split. Finally really useful parts in all three directions.

http://www.topolabs.com/


















Here is an example of different technology how more organic fractal algorithms can decrease wight and increase the strength of 3d printed object:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2012/11/fractal-3d-printing-for-ultra-high.html

Fractal 3D printing for ultra high model strengths


Some scientist on several European research institutions have developed a method using fractal design to produce low weight and ultra high strength objects.

Yong Mao of the University of Nottingham, UK and colleagues have developed a theoretical framework for building structures where the optimal hierarchical order of the structure depends on the load it needs to withstand. Using this technique, the team constructed such a structure – a simple frame – from a polymeric resin, using a “rapid prototyping technique” – which is an advanced form of 3D printing.
For the first element in their structure, Mao and colleagues simply construct a hollow beam, which they refer to as the “generation-0” element. Different values of thickness and radii of the beam are considered, so that the strongest beam can be built, with the least amount of material. The robustness of this beam is then tested by applying a load along its length and along its axis, to see if it fails across either. “We do this to analyse the failure modes at each local level, so that the structure is not unnecessarily strong at each level…we optimize for what properties are necessary,” says Mao. He explains this further by saying that if a 50 kg table balanced on hollow steel legs it would be about 10 times lighter than one with solid steel legs and just as robust.
Generation-3 element could be ten thousand times lighter then an original with the same strength.
One problem is that the structure has to be very precise and without flaws. Any imperfection could lead to serous defects.

“Even a small imperfection at a local scale could have a large impact as there is no extra material that could take the added stress and maybe that is why this kind of fabrication has not been practical to date,” explains Mao, who says that the team is also studying its models to better allow for such errors. But he is convinced that commercial techniques will improve over the coming year, providing the necessary precision tools. Mao also feels that the recently commercialized technique of 3D printing could really benefit the fabrication of these structures. “We could just upload our deferent designs to a program and people could download and print off the structures at home,” he says.
This is MAJOR discovery and push foreward for 3D printing and additive manufacturing! Let's hope it will be implemented soon in some practical solutions.

Source and more information:
http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/2012/nov/27/ultralight-fractal-structures-could-bear-heavy-loads

Research paper (you have to be registered to download):
http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v109/i20/e204301

CNC CODE

5 axis cnc mill,5 axis cnc router,cad cnc,cc machine,cnc cutter machine,cnc cutting system,cnc definition,cnc equipment manufacturers,cnc fabrication,cnc lathe retrofit,cnc machine accessories,cnc machine automation,cnc machine business,cnc machine companies,cnc machine description,cnc machine maker,cnc machine news,cnc machine repair,cnc machine services,cnc machine shop,cnc machiner,cnc maching,cnc machining companies,cnc machining equipment,cnc machining parts

Labels

"7-Axis Robot" "Digital Fabrication" "Planar Polygons" "Rhino" "Rhinoscript" 2007. 2013 2014 2016 2d printing 2d to 3d 3-axis CNC 3-axis CNC Kit 30c3 3d capture 3d carving 3d cnc router 3d company 3d copy 3d display 3d drawing pen 3d model 3d piracy 3d print farms 3d print platform 3d print quality 3d printed 3d printed airoplane 3d printed airplane 3d printed buildings 3d printed car dashboard 3d printed car part 3d printed car parts 3d printed clothing 3d printed cyborg 3D Printed Figure Sculpture 3d printed food 3D Printed for in Ceramic 3d printed gun 3d printed machines 3d printed music instrument 3d printed music record 3d printed organs 3d printed parts 3D printed relief 3d printed rifle 3d printed robot 3d printed sensors 3d printed skateboard 3d printed toys 3d printed uav 3d printed vehicles 3d printed weapons 3d printer 3d printer accessory 3d printer crime 3d printer desk 3d printer eclosure 3d printer review 3d printer stand 3d printer table 3d printers comparison 3D printing 3d printing filament 3d printing in cement 3d printing materials 3d printing myths 3d printing on battery power 3d printing photographs 3D printing piracy 3D printing portraits 3d printing primer 3d printing systems 3d printing with carbon fiber 3d printing wood 3D printing ZBrush sculpts 3d printshow 3d puzzle 3d scanner 3d sensors 3d shaping cnc router 3d startup 3d systems 3d ui 3dea 3dMonstr 3doodler 3dPrinting 3dprintmi 3dprn 3dr 3dsimo 3ntr 4 Jaw Chuck 4-axis 4-axis CNC 4-axis cnc woodworking 4d printing 4th dimension 5 axis 5 axis cnc router china 5-axis 5-axis CNC 5-Axis CNC woodworking 5-axis router operating procedure 5d print d8 6 axis 7-axis robot 7512 abs abs juice acetal acetone acp cnc router acrylic acrylic board cut machine acrylic cut acrylic cutting activism adafruit Adafruit NeoPixel Strip adapto adobe advanced afinia africa Agilus Workcell Agilus Workcell Tutorial aio robotics air airbus aircraft airwolf3d alabaster aleph objects all-in-one aluhotendv4 aluminatus aluminum Amazon ampersand sign cutting AMRI amsterdam android animal antenna ao-101 app apple appropedia arburg archery Architectural Robotic Fabrication architecture architecutre hollow out. arduino Arduino Micro LED Arduino NeoPixels argentina armour arrow art artec artificial stone arxterra asia asiga astronomy atm australia austria Autodesk automation automotive b3 innovations baboi bacteria baddevices badprinter bag balance baluster process batteries beaglebone beams bebopr bed leveling bee Beer Caddies belgium Belle Kogan ben heck bendable bending bicycle big objects big printers bike biohacking bioprinter bitcoin blacksmith blade blade 1 blender blimp blind blizzident Block Delete blog blokify bluetooth board cut boeing bomb bone book Books boot Boring Cycle bottle bow bowden box bracets braille Bre Pettis bridging bronze brook drumm buccaneer build bukibot bukito bukobot burning man business busybotz buy china cnc router buy cnc router buy cnc router from china buy laser machine buy modillion carving machine buy router cnc bycicle parts cad calibration camera canada Canned Cycle canon car carbomorph carbon carbon fiber cardboard carmine cartesio cartouches carved architecture carving carving machine carving with gouges and rasps case cashier board cut casting Cathy Lewis cb printer ccc cell cellphone cellstruder central overhead elements. centrifuge cerajet ceramic ceramic tiles engraving cerberus CES ces 2012 CES 2013 ces 2014 ces 2015 cff chain maille chair chamber chart chefjet chemistry children china china cnc router china laser machine chipfuzer chocolate choose cnc router chopmeister chopper chris anderson Cincinnati circular platform clay clear figure sculpture clone closed loop cloud cnc CNC 4th axis CNC 5 Axis CNC Box CNC Coordintes CNC Corner Fix CNC cut acrylic figure sculpture CNC Cut Guitars cnc engraving machine. CNC Joints cnc mill CNC Rotary Axis cnc router cnc router aluminium cnc router art work cnc router copper cnc router cut acrylic cnc router factory cnc router foam cnc router importer CNC Router Kit cnc router manufacturer cnc router mdf cnc router modeling and prototyping cnc router mold cnc router packing CNC Router Parts Build CNC Router Parts Rotary Axis cnc router problem cnc router review cnc router type3 cnc router video cnc router work CNC routing file preparation CNC routing ZBrush CNC Tool Holders CNC Tools CNC walnut CNC Wood Joinery cnc wood router CNC Woodworking CNC Woodworking 5-axis Digital Fabrication Taubman College CNC Woodworking Sleigh Bed Digital Fabrication Tabuman College CNC-Woodworking co cody wilson coffee color changing filament colorfabb comic community company tour complex 3d print composite Composite Filament Fabrication concept concrete conductive ink consultancy Consumer Electronics Show contour crafting contouring Control control unit controller cool things to 3d print cooling copyright Corner Fix cosplay cost reduction cottle boards creaform creative commons Credit card fraud crime criminals croatia crowdfunding CT cube cubejet cubesat cubex cubify cubify invent cubify.com cups cura curaengine customized cut cut acrylic cutting cyberpunk Cycloidal Gyro Czech Republic d3d da vinci daily use dart gun data data matching tutorial data tree tutorial. dc motor decimation master deezmaker dell delta delta 3d printer delta forge deltaprintr demonstration denmark dental 3d printing desert design desktop 3d printing desktop cnc router desktop printer desktop production Developable Surfaces dglass 3d Digital Design digital fabrication Digital fabrication of figure sculpture Digital Fabrication Slip Casting digital figure sculpture Digital Portrait Sculpture Digital Sculpting Digital Sculpting Renders Digital Sculpting with Two Models Digital Woodworking dilbert disabled disney Display Conduit diy diy 3d metal printer diy 3d printing diy 3d printing companies diy science dlp dmls documentary double decker 3d printer Doubly Curved Surfaces dremel drill Drilling Cycle drivers DRM drone dual extruder dual extrusion duct tape duo e3d ecology economy edc education eff Egypt ejection electron beam electronics elon musk enclosure encryption energy generation engine Engraved Signs engraver engraving enrico dini environment envisiontec EOS epoxy EPS Foam EPS shaping ESA etching etsy euromold 2011 Euromold 2012 euromold 2013 euromold 2014 europe event eventorbot events evo exoskeleton experiment experimental 3d printing extended platform extruder eye glasses eyewear fabbot fablab fablab berlin fabtotum Face Grooving Cycle Facing Cycle fail fan fantasy figure Fanuc farm fashion Fasteners fdm Feed Rate felix festival fff fiberglass figulo. video Figure Sculpting in ZBrush figure sculpture in acrylic. filabot filaflex filament filament extruder filament winder filawinder Finishing Cycle finland fire firmware flexible flexible pla Flip cut flomio flower foam foam dart focus foldable food food safe foodini ford form 1 form 2 formlabs Formula foundry FRAC exhibition fractal frame framework France freed friction welding Front Drilling Cycle fuel3d fumes fun fundable furniture Furniture Design Future G Codes g-code G00 G01 G02 G02.1 G03.1 G07.1 G32 G33 G40 G41 G42 G70 G72 G73 G74 G75 G76 G77 G78 G79 G80 G83 G84 G85 G87 G88 G89 G90 G92 G94 gallium game gamechanger gaming Garage shop garage tool layout garden gartner ge gears geeks gemma geodesic geomagic germany gigabot github glass glass engraving cnc router glazing techniques glue gmax golemD google google glass gopro gpl granite Grasshopper Grasshopper attractor point Grasshopper data matching Grasshopper data trees Grasshopper Graph Mapper Grasshopper grids Grasshopper Image Sampler Grasshopper Light Painting Grasshopper Physics Simulation grasshopper planes tutorial Grasshopper tabs Grasshopper unroll tabs green guardian guerrilla gardening GUI guide Guitar Stand guitar stands gun magazines h-bot h480 Haas Vertical Mill hack hacking Hand carved rocking horse hand carving handheld handrail process haptic harvard Hass hbot hdpa health heat chamber heat gun heated 3d printing chamber heated build platform Helical Interpolation hexapod high strength HIPS history hollow out holograph Home Home CNC machine home manufacturing Home Shop CNC hot end hot glue Hot News hot to Hot-wire cutting hotend house household items how is china laser machine how is chinese cnc router how to HP humor huxley hybrid hype hyrel i2 i3 ice 3d printing idea lab ikea implant improv india indiegogo industrial industrial 3d printer infill infographic infrastructs injection molding ink inkjet 3d printer insects instructables instruction intel Intel Galileo intellectual property interior decoration interior decoration ceramic tiles interior design Interlocking Joint internet interview introduction to 3d printing Inventables ios ip ip rights ipad IR bed leveling irapid iron man Israel italy japan jet engine jewelry jinan laser jinan laser machine job jrx k8200 kai parthy kamermaker Kangaroo 2 Kangaroo 2 Catenary Kangaroo 2 Circle Pack Kangaroo 2 Planarize Kangaroo for Grasshopper Kangaroo Physics Kangaroo Tensile Forces kevlar key keyboard kickstarter kikai kinect kinetic sculpture kitchen cabinet process knife Korea kossel kossel air kraken Kuka PRC Kuka prc programming Kuka Robots KUKA|prc Kuka|prc sample l5 lamp large models large printer laser laser cut leather laser cutter laser cutting laser cutting foam laser cutting machine laser engraving machine laser machine laser machine sign laser machine video laser sintering lasercusing lasercut lasersaur latex lathe law lcd leap leapofrog leather led LED lights on figure sculpture leg lego lens lenticular printing letter cut letter cutting letter sign leveling leweb lewis LG liability library light bulb Light Painting Light Painting Stick limestone linear actuator Linear Bearings Linear Rails Linear Rails Upgrade link linux liquid Liquid Metal Jet Printing lisa lisa harouni lix lmd load bearing lock logo LOHAN london Longitudinal roughing cycle lost foam lost foam making lost foam mold making lost pla casting low cost low cost. LP lulzbot lumia lumifold lunavast lunchbox lyman lywood M Codes mach3 machine Machine Zero machinekit Machining machining wax madrid magazine magma magnetic filament magnets Mail (armour) maintenance make make magazine maker faire 2013 makeraser makerbot MakerBot Industries makerbotPLA MakerCon makerfaire makerfarm prusa makerslide makerware makible makibox making money with 3d printing maksim3d Malaysia mandel Manhattan manufacturer manufacturer video manufacturing map marble Mark Meier mark one mark34 market Marlin material materialise math plug-in mathematical object mathematics matsuura matterform Mazak mcor MDF Mebotics media medical applications of 3d printing medicine melamine mendel mendel90 mendelmax mendelmax 2 mesh related grasshopper plug-ins mesh related rhino plug-ins mesh repair for 3D printing meshes meshes in grasshopper meshes in rhino MeshUp metal 3d printing metal casting metal clay metal extruder metal filament metal hot end micro Microfactory microrax microscope microsoft MIG milestone military milkrap mill Milling mind interface mini cnc router miniFactory Mirror Image On / Off MIT mix MkMrA2 MkMrA2 shop mobile mobile 3d print control mobile factory moddler studios model quality modeling carving modification modillion carve modillion cnc router modillion engrave modillion engraving modillion machine modular mojo 3d printer mold molds molecule moon morgan mori motion motor motorola MRI mrrf MTU mug muli color multi color multi jet fusion multi materials multimod multiple guitar stands MULTIPLE REPETITIVE CYCLE Multiple Thread Cutting Cycle multitool museum music n nano nanobots nanoparticles NASA natural machines nature nerf gun nesting Netherlands new diy 3d printer new valence robotics new york newel post produce news newzealand cnc router nfc ninjaflex noisebridge nokia non cartesian Norway nozzle number cutting NV nyc nylon object Objet Objet Connex 500 octo extruder off topic office sign Offset Okuma Onsrud 5-axis router open sls open source open source 3d printer open source hardware openRail OpenSCAD optics optomec ordsolutions organic organic printing organovo orion ornament ornithopter os OS X otherfab othermachine othermill outdoor outdoor advertising p2p pandabot Panel Keys paper paper cut parametric parametric object by function parc Part Program partitioning partners past paste patent pbs pc pcb pcb milling Peck Drilling Cycle PEEK pellet pen people personal pet pet+ pets phantom desktop philips phoenix phone photo Photoformance photography photoshop pick and place pico piracy piratebay pirx PLA pla/pha plane components in grasshopper plant plasma cutter plastic mold plastic welding plasticine Plastics Plastics Overview play-doh plexy plotter plywood pocket poland polar polishing polyamide polycarbonate polyjet polypropylene polystyrene shaping polyurethane pongsat pop culture popfab porcelain poro-lay portabee portable 3d printer portable device portrait portrait sculpt portugal powder 3d printing power power supply precission cutter presentation preview price princeton print bed printhead Printrbot printrbot jr printxel problem problemsolving process products Profile turning Programmed Data Setting G10 project biped projet promotion prosthetic prosumer protoforge prototype prusa prusa i4 Publishing and Printing pump purse puzzle pva pvc pipes pwdr pypy python qr qu-bd quad extruder quadcopter quantum ord bot r360 Ra Ra radiant radio rail RAMBo RAMBo 1.2 ramps rapide raspberry pi re3d Recap recording Recreus recycling reddit relief sculpture repair repetier replacement part replacement parts replicator replicator2 reprap reprap wally reprappro repstrap resin retraction retro review RFID Rhino rhino math Rhino math plug-in Rhino meshes Rhino Nesting Grasshopper Sectioning Layout Rhino Python Rhino Python Scripting Rhino Python User Interface Rhino UI Rhino Unroll Rhino UnrollSrf Rhinoscript Rhombic Triacontahedron Fabrication; CNC Woodworking; 5-axis CNC richrap rings risk robo 3d robohand robot Robot Motion Study Robot Programming setup Robotic Digital Fabrication Robotic Light Paint Robotic Light Painting Robotic Motion Analysis robotic painting with light robots robox rocket rocking horse carved by hand ROFI rolls royce rostock rostock max rotary Rotating Model Stand Rotite rotomaak router rubber rubber band ruled surfaces russia safety sailplane Sainsmart sale samsung sand sand casting sander Sandvik Sanjay Mortimer satellite SAV scam scara school sciaky science screw sculpteo Sculpture Pedestals sea sectioning security sedgwick seed seemecnc selective laser sintering self assembly. sense sensor sensprout service servo setup KUKA|prc tutorial seuffer sf shandong laser Shapeoko shapeshop shapeways shapeways 3d printing sharing ship shoes shop Shop Built Side Table sieg siemens sign sign cut sign laser machine signage signature signing silicon silicone silk silver simpson Singapore single arm 3d printer singularity sintering Six-N-Sticks Skanect skimmer skull skylar tibbids sla slashdot slate slic3r slicer slip casting Slip Casting 3D Printed Objects slotted Slovenia sls smartphone smartrap Smoothieboard smoothing sneakey snowflake soapstone software soild concepts solar solder solid concepts solidator solidoodle solidoodle 2 solidoodle 4 solidus labs solution sony sound south africa space spaceX Spain spark speakers Spectrometer speed spider spin casting Spindle spoolhead sport spray 3d printing square carved rosettes Stack Lamination stair machine stair parts stair parts equipment stair parts processing stairparts machine Stamps School of Art & Design stanford star trek startups steampunk steel stepper stereolithography steve purdham stone stone carving store stratasys strength strong stuck students styrofoam block shaping styrofoam shaping subdivision mesh SubProgram success story sugar sugru suitcase sun Super Matter Tools support material surface surgery suspended deposition sweden swisspen Switzerland syringe table numbers cutting tablet tabletop tactile taiwan talk tangibot tantillus Tapping Cycle tattoo Taubman Colledge Taubman College Taubman college Agilus Workcell Taubman College FabLab taz 2 taz 3 taz 4 TED ted talks telescope temperature temperature measurement test testing textile the pirate bay theta thingiverse Thread threeform tiertime TIG tiger maple Tips Tips and Techniques titanium tool tool chain Tool Data Tool Nose Radius Compensation tools torrent Torus Knot Torus Knot Table touch touch x toy toyota TPE Transverse Cut-Off Cycle G75 trident trinitylabs trinityone trinket tu wien Turning turpentine tutorial tv Twist Table two color 3d printing type a machines Types of Plastic uav uformia UK ultem 2300 UltiController ultimaker ultimaker 2 ultimaker 3 ultrasonic unboxing university university of sauthampton unrolling up mini up plus 2 upgrade urethane USA usb user interface using a router to produce a ZBrush model using china cnc router uv 3d printing v-slot vader vapor velleman veterinary video vietnam viki lcd virtual reality virus visualization volumental voronator voronoi meshes voxeljet VR Vulture 2 vw Wallace Detroit Guitars wally Walnut Table wanhao warping wasp wasp 3d printer waste watch water water cooling wax way finding sign WCC CNC WCC NCT weapon wearable weaverbird web web app web interface wedding sign cutting wedding sign decoration cutting weistek Welding West Huron Sculptors what cnc router can do whiteant wideboy wifi wikiwep wind generator windows windows 8.1 Windows Keyboard Shortcuts windows mobile phone wire wire bender wired wireless 3d printing wobbleworks wood wood carving wood engraving wood frame 3d printer Wood Information Wood Joint Fabrication wood portrait Wood Species woodworking workflow working with planes in kuka|prc workspace x winder xeed xmass xt xyzprinting yale yeggi youth z axis zach hoeken ZBrush Basics ZBrush Decimation Master ZBrush Figure Sculpture ZBrush for Rhino users ZBrush Import and Export to and from Rhino ZBrush Portrait Sculpting ZBrush sculpting tutorial ZBrush Shaders Test ZBrush ZRemesher zeus zmorph zortrax китайский фрезерный станок с чпу фрезерный станок с чпу