Showing posts with label medicine. Show all posts
Showing posts with label medicine. Show all posts

Free video webinar on 3d printing in medical industry

Here is a new free video webinar by Tyler Reid of GoEngineer on 3d printing in medical industry.
It is a great overview of current state of affairs in materials (types, certifications, features and sterilization), prototyping, fixtures, tooling, teaching aids, and production parts.
Well worth half an hour watching if you work in medical industry.





You can watch many more Tyler's webinars like:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2014/12/free-webinar-on-3d-printing-and.html

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2014/07/free-webinar-of-3d-printed-end-use-parts.html


Biorep prototypes










Neurosurgeons successfully implant 3D printed skull at Utrecht University's UMC

Warning: open human skull and brains can be seen ...

We live in truly amazing time ...



From the source:
A Dutch university hospital has successfully given a 22-year-old woman a plastic skull, made with the help of a 3D printer. Utrecht University's UMC says the operation is a world first.
The woman needed the operation because her skull was becoming thicker, compressing her brain and damaging its function. Her cranium had become 5cm thick, while a normal skull is up to around 1.5cm.

Her medical team, led by neurologist Ben Verweij, decided to replace her cranium with a plastic one, produced by a specialist Australian firm. The operation took 23 hours but was a complete success, the hospital says.
‘Implants used to be made by hand in the operating theatre using a sort of cement which was far from ideal,’ Verweij said. ‘Using 3D printing we can make one to the exact size. This not only has great cosmetic advantages, but patients’ brain function often recovers better than using the old method.’
The procedure took place three months ago but the woman has now gone back to work and is symptom free, Verweij said.
The hospital says the technique can be used with patients who have other bone problems or to help recovery after people have suffered serious skull injuries.
Other hospitals have placed skull implants successfully in patients but this is the first time a complete cranium has been replaced, the surgeon said.
Source: http://www.dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2014/03/dutch_hospital_gives_patient_n.php



How to create model for 3d printing from CT or MRI data with open source 3D Slicer





This very detailed tutorial was prepared by Nabgha Farhat, Brigham and Women's Hospital. It describes, step-by-step how to extract specific data form CT scan and convert them into format from which it can be 3d printed. She isolated portions of the mandibular bone and the temporal bone for the model. Freee and open-source Slicer software was used.
Data was acquired with:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_beam_computed_tomography

Tutorial has several chapters:
  1. Introduction to the 3D Slicer interface
  2. Loading data
  3. Volume rendering and cropping
  4. Creating label maps
  5. Creating surface models
  6. Saving data in file formats appropriate for 3D printing
Link to Slicer:

http://slicer.org/

http://wiki.slicer.org/

Slicer is a free, open source software package for visualization and image analysis. 3D Slicer is natively designed to be available on multiple platforms, including Windows, Linux and Mac Os X.




















Luis Ibanez made a post on KitWare blog, describing the process of actually printing this object:

http://www.kitware.com/blog/home/post/591




























For other medical field 3d printing applications see:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/search/label/medical%20applications%20of%203d%20printing


Source:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MKLWzD0PiIc


BTW: yes, you can 3d print your own skull if you have a CT scan of it ...

Update:

Here is Reddit thread on how to make 3d models from MRI data which has more methods beside this one more specific for MRI and DCIM images:

http://www.reddit.com/r/3Dprinting/comments/247847/i_had_an_mri_and_they_gave_me_the_cd_with_the_mri/


Update 2 (5.10.2014.):

Here is another video tutorial by Oliver Krohn on how to convert DICOM CT or MRI images into 3d printable models. It uses different software tools.
Preparing DICOM images (CT/MRT) for 3d printing using Seg3D, Imagevis3D (University of Utah, CIBC) and Meshmixer. 
Seg3D offers the advantage to apply filters, but it's not absolutely necessary. Imagevis3D can load DICOM stacks as well and the rendered isosurface may be exported as mesh directly. In this video I used the gaussian filter of Seg3D to smooth the model a little bit. 
Software Downloads:
http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc-software...http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc-software...http://www.meshmixer.com/download.html





Update:

here is a tutorial on how to design and 3d print a custom trachea stent from CT data:

http://www.instructables.com/id/Create-a-Custom-3D-Printable-Prosthetic-Device-Usi/?ALLSTEPS

Here are some 3d printed prototypes in common plastics from the tutorial above:



AJ TV report on printing replacment human skin for burn victims




From video description:
A new invention being put together could signal a major breakthrough in the way patients with burns injuries are treated. A researcher in Canada has developed a three-dimension prototype printer which will produce human skin from a patient's own cells.
Doctors say it will revolutionise the process of skin graft operations, and can save the lives of hundreds of burns victims every year.
And not just skin: the technology may also pave the way for producing entire organs for transplants.
Al Jazeera's Danel Lak reports from Toronto.

Source:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMwnC160Yrs


BioPen repairs bones with handheld bioprinting

























From source page:
A handheld ‘bio pen’ developed in the labs of the University of Wollongong (UOW) will allow surgeons to design customised implants on-site and at the time of surgery.
The BioPen, developed by researchers from the UOW-headquarteredAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), will give surgeons greater control over where the materials are deposited while also reducing the time the patient is in surgery by delivering live cells and growth factors directly to the site of injury, accelerating the regeneration of functional bone and cartilage.
The BioPen works similar to 3D printing methods by delivering cell material inside a biopolymer such as alginate, a seaweed extract, protected by a second, outer layer of gel material. The two layers of gel are combined in the pen head as it is extruded onto the bone surface and the surgeon ‘draws’ with the ink to fill in the damaged bone section.
A low powered ultra-violet light source is fixed to the device that solidifies the inks during dispensing, providing protection for the embedded cells while they are built up layer-by-layer to construct a 3D scaffold in the wound site.
Once the cells are ‘drawn’ onto the surgery site they will multiply, become differentiated into nerve cells, muscle cells or bone cells and will eventually turn from individual cells into a thriving community of cells in the form of a functioning a tissue, such as nerves, or a muscle.
The device can also be seeded with growth factors or other drugs to assist regrowth and recovery, while the hand-held design allows for precision in theatre and ease of transportation.
The BioPen prototype was designed and built using the 3D printing equipment in the labs at the University of Wollongong and was this week handed over to clinical partners at St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, led by Professor Peter Choong, who will work on optimising the cell material for use in clinical trials.
The BioPen will help build on recent work by ACES researchers where they were able to grow new knee cartilage from stem cells on 3D-printed scaffolds to treat cancers, osteoarthritis and traumatic injury.
Professor Peter Choong, Director of Orthopaedics at St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne and the Sir Hugh Devine Professor of Surgery, University of Melbourne said:
“This type of treatment may be suitable for repairing acutely damaged bone and cartilage, for example from sporting or motor vehicle injuries. Professor Wallace’s research team brings together the science of stem cells and polymer chemistry to help surgeons design and personalise solutions for reconstructing bone and joint defects in real time.”
The BioPen will be transferred to St Vincent’s for clinical projects to be carried out at the proposed Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery in Melbourne.
“The combination of materials science and next-generation fabrication technology is creating opportunities that can only be executed through effective collaborations such as this,” ACES Director Professor Gordon Wallace said.
“What’s more, advances in 3D printing are enabling further hardware innovations in a rapid manner.”
Design expertise and fabrication of the BioPen was supported by the Materials Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, hosted at the University of Wollongong’s Innovation Campus.

Source:

http://media.uow.edu.au/news/UOW162803?utm_source=uow-homepage&utm_medium=main-banner-1&utm_campaign=news-biopen

DIY 3d printer used to help veterinarians perform complicated dog surgery

Articles like this make my girlfriend cry. She loves dogs and hates me spending money on my 3d printing "hobby".

3d model of dog's bones and metal implants

From the source:

At Auburn University, the latest in printing technology is literally going to the dogs, cats and other animals. Auburn's College of Veterinary Medicine is among the first veterinary programs in the United States to use three-dimensional printing and models in advance of complicated surgeries.
A 3D printer builds up objects layer by layer, using various methods to deposit and harden the 'ink' where it is needed. Many materials, including plastic, metal and ceramic can now be printed based on instructions from computer-assisted design programs.In the college's Department of Clinical Sciences, the radiology section has begun using its newly-acquired Makerbot 3D printer to investigate ways to improve surgical planning. In its first week of use, the 3D printer was successfully used to provide a solution for a complicated surgical procedure before the surgery was performed.
"Using the 3D technology proved extremely helpful in planning a surgical procedure for a small dog," said Dr. Don Sorjonen, a professor emeritus of neurology and neurosurgery who has returned to the college as a consultant.
"In this particular case, a 1.4 kilogram Yorkshire terrier had an instability of the first and second cervical vertebrae," Sorjonen said. "The joint was not only unstable but also was not aligned properly. Because of the dog's small size, we did not have the proper implants to make the repair. After producing a physical model of the dog's vertebrae using the 3D printer, we could accurately measure the cervical vertebrae and order plates and screws specially suited for the repair. Being able to craft a remedy prior to surgery increased the chances of a successful outcome."
"Thanks to a computer we were able to create a 3D model on a screen, but allowing this model to be printed gives us an excellent tool for communicating with our colleagues and clients," said radiology resident Dr. Adrien-Maxence Hespel."The 3D printer allows the surgeons to evaluate more approaches to solve a problem preoperatively and may help them in deciding which solution is optimal for the patient," Hespel added. "By having a prototype in their hands, surgeons can narrow their choice of surgical implants ahead of time. As the models can be sterilized, they can even be used during surgery as a quick reference."
The printer also has been used to create an anatomy model to study a bone fracture and conduct an equine research project.

Source with more details:

http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-12-rapid-prototyping-technology-complicated-surgeries.html

Update:

here is video presentation of the process:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2014/02/3d-printing-helping-veterinary-surgeons.html

Handie - 3d printable articulated prosthetic hand

Fully 3d printable prosthetic hand that reacts controlled by smartphone and sensor on healthy limb. By using simple 3d printing materials they sacrifice robustness but give easily repairable prosthetic with easily produced replacement parts. Fingers with three joints are actuated by single motor. It is much cheaper then regularly produced prosthesis.





From project site:
Description

Function
''Myoelectric Prosthetic Hand'' is an artificial hand that recovers lost functions of amputees. It utilizes electrical signal measured on skin surface of their remaining muscles. A variety of myoelectric prosthetic hands has been developed around the world, however, none of them are offered at an affordable price costing more than $400. We solve this problem in following ways: 1. Using smartphone. Conventional hands required an exclusive device for computation. We replace this with a smartphone which users have. 2. Using 3D printer. One of the main reason that makes components expensive is strict requirement on robustness. In sacrifice of robustness, we offer repairable hand. All components are printable by a 3D printer, enabling users to modify and reproduce them easily. 3. Under-actuated mechanism for finger flexion. To reduce the number of motors, we developed a three-joints finger actuated by one motor that passively changes its trajectory depending on the shape of an object.

Inspiration
Our team has been working on myoelectric prosthetic hand since college days. We were pursuing highly functional hand that can perform strong, precise and diverse motions. Talking with amputees, however, we realized that high functionality is not necessarily the first priority to reduce their daily challenges. ''My only hand is useless because of an umbrella in a rainy day. I cannot eat steak by myself since knife and fork requires two hands.'' said my amputee friend. These tasks don’t require dexterous motions. It is rather the ''price'' of prosthetic hand that restricts amputees from using myoelectric prosthetic hand. Therefore, ''Handie'' is designed to provide amputees with sufficient functions at an affordable price.

Development
We defined Handie's essential function as ''to support the dominant hand''. To realize this, we set minimum number of motors as six: ''thumb rotation'' and flexion of each finger. Thumb rotation is necessary because thumb is facing other fingers when grabbing an object, while it is parallel to other fingers when holding down an object on a table. Secondly, to reduce the cost, we utilized 3D printer. Besides skeleton, we made ringshaped elastic elements placed at finger joints also by 3D printer. Through iteration of prototype, the shape of the element was optimized to have required strength and other properties. Finally, to make the hand easy to repair and reassemble, we separated the skeleton of each finger into units

Source:

http://www.jamesdysonaward.org/Projects/Project.aspx?ID=3897&RegionI





3d printed metal bone replacements from Japan

Implant is made from titanium powder, it costs some 10 USD. It is already used in Japan and helps people with various bone damage conditions where it replaces damaged parts.










Via:
http://www.3ders.org/articles/20130813-japanese-patients-successfully-received-3d-printed-bone-transplants.html

VIA (Visual Impairment Aid)

Wow! What an amazing project! Kudos Mr. Mizchief100!



From project page:

This project was my take on a DIY visual impairment aid that uses haptic and sound feedback. Basically it uses a distance sensor to measure how far objects are from it and then it beeps/vibrates accordingly (far away is slow vibrate/long beep delay and close up is fast vibrate/quick beeps). The difference between this project and others is this project uses one distance sensor (as opposed to many) to make feedback more specific and simpler to interpret, use of both haptic and sound feedback, the mounting of the device under the arm and not attached to the hand (keeps it free to feel where you're going and use for daily tasks), and a few simple control buttons on the case (I also put the word for each button in braille next to them). What I really like about the design is how compact and sturdy it is. I wore it around for a few hours to get used to it and found it didn't hinder too many of my daily activities (I found it fit in sleeves too!).




























http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:121869

Complete build guide:
http://www.instructables.com/id/VIA-Visual-Impairment-Aid-Haptic-Sound-Feedbac/?ALLSTEPS


Update:

here is another projects that generates 3d printable Braille signs from text for the blind:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2013/11/text2braille-website-generates-3d.html

Update:

3d printable cane for visually impaired:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2014/04/voxel-3d-printed-mobility-assistance.html


DIY Bioprinter

It's not your usual 3d printing, but it is very interesting development in printing revolution going on ...
DIY bioprinter. It prints  layers of organic matter using old inkjet cartridge. DIY printed human organs next. 

http://www.instructables.com/id/DIY-BioPrinter/

As our first real "bioprinting" experiment, we wanted to start with something simple, instead of jumping straight into printing with live cells. We decided to print with a solution of arabinose onto filter paper. Then we cut out the filter paper, and put it onto an agarose plate on which we had grown a lawn of E. coli that we had engineered to carry the pGLO plasmid. This plasmid carries the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP), under control of an arabinose-sensitive promoter. (Stay tuned for an instructable on how to make your own GFP-expressing E. coli).
As a result, wherever we had printed arabinose on the filter paper, we now saw the E. coli light up green under UV light! Note that the beauty of this experiment lies in its simplicity: we only had to print with a simple sugar solution, rather than with bulky live cells; and we were printing on paper, so we didn't even have to change the paper handling machinery. You could also try printing with antibiotics, or even proteins, such as enzymes or growth factors.


DIY 3D printed eye glasses frames

BusyBotz uploaded video on how to print eye glasses frames. As eye glasses wearer this is greatly appreciated. They are expensive when you buy them. 3d printed ones are still not up to the standard, and real application is questionable since it is probably very hard to fit in the lenses. Still, I'm hopeful that the future will bring great advancements.


3d printing organic structures for science and education

Here is an interesting application of 3d printing: using it to print organic structures of cells and different organic molecules for research and education. If you can touch it and manipulate it, you can understand it.


Here is an image of printed Beta Cell model. Sometimes parts are individually painted and glued or they use magnetic connectors as links in molecules.


Cyanovirin in spheres with ball n stick ligands. 20 Million X.

Those models were done by Scripps Physical Model Service.
http://models.scripps.edu/

Check their cool gallery at:
http://models.scripps.edu/gallery.html 

Another project aims directly at education institutions
http://sciencewithinreach.com/

Here is video demonstration of 3d printed self assembling virus (89.95$):


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