Showing posts with label biohacking. Show all posts
Showing posts with label biohacking. Show all posts

3D Printed Meliponines Honeycomb

Brothers Fausto and Germano Penello from Brazil developed a 3d printable stingless bee honeycomb which provides a home and reproduction place for wild bees. Since natural habitat of many useful insect species is in danger and there are few opportunities for them in urban environment, this type of ecological micro habitat is more than welcome.
For the hive carrying the combs Fausto used a simple DIY wooden beehive, but he will 3d print one in the future.

Here you can see the 3d printed honeycomb and larval cells, which means that the bees have started their colony.























As many of my family members are beekeepers and I myself am going to beekeeper school, I can testify that bees and other pollinating insects are extremely important for our ecosystem. if they go, they are taking humanity with them! So be king to our six-legged winged friends!

Full tutorial can be seen here:

http://www.instructables.com/id/Brazilian-Native-Stingless-Bee-3d-Printing-Honeyco/?ALLSTEPS

Ourobotics Low-Cost DIY Renegade Open Source Bioprinter

Ourobotics is an Irish company that is developing bioprinters. They published an open source low cost bioprinter based on some standard RepRap parts named Renegade that can be sourced for some 900 USD. I doubt that someone will 3d print a kidney on it in a home workshop but some interesting biohacking project could come up in the future.




Ourobotics also developed high-end bioprinter that can print with 10 materials, has enclosed warm chamber for keeping the cells alive and costs some 12500 Euro.





... here it is printing an ear:




Ourobotics homepage:

https://www.weare3dbioprintinghumans.org/

PDF with build instructions based on a common RepRap:

http://www.3ders.org/images2016/ourobotics-bioprinter-instructions.pdf

More detailed article about the project:

http://www.3ders.org/articles/20160204-ourobotics-releases-completely-open-source-renegade-3d-bioprinter.html

3D Printing Complex Data Sets of DNA, DEM and Sound

Here is a compilation of few detailed guides on how to design 3d printable objects from complex data like DNA, topological maps and sound.


How to get 3d printable objects from 23andme raw DNA data set


With this tutorial you will be able to take raw DNA data from 23andme DNA analysis and model a 3d printable object in OpenSCAD with a custom plugin.






































Detailed guide and software:

http://www.instructables.com/id/3D-Print-a-sculpture-from-your-DNA/

https://github.com/jjg/3dna 3dna code for OpenSCAD


How to 3d print geographical maps, topology, landscape and other geographical data


3DPrintingNinja developed an Instructables tutorial on how to convert DEM (digital elevation model) data into 3d printable objects.

























Detailed instructions:

http://www.instructables.com/id/3D-Printing-Models-of-Landscapes-Topology-Mountain/


Sonic Sculptures


With this free app you can get 3d models from visualized sound waves.




Download the software and get the instructions here:

http://blairneal.com/portfolio_page/sonic-sculptures/

http://www.thingiverse.com/laserpilot/collections/sonic-prints


EnvisionTEC high end 3d printers and bioplotter

I was just looking around what is industry standard and I found couple of videos from EnvisionTEC. They have some fine and expensive machines BUT as technology goes, one day you will have it on YOUR desktop.




... now, while you may have your workshop machine, most of you probably won't need a bioplotter since it is currently used as sophisticated medical instrument for special cases... or maybe DIY biohacking will explode. Making implantable 3d objects and body mods ... sounds like SF but we will see what future holds ...



http://envisiontec.com/3d-printers/3d-bioplotter/




3d printed human organs that generate electricity for medical implants from Uni of Iowa

Bioprinting is advancing rapidly, with many obstacles ahead, but at University of Iowa they are already planing to make "enhanced" 3d printed "superorgans" which also produce electricity that could be used for implanted (medical) devices.




Here is interview with Dr. Ibrahim Ozbolat, co-director of the University of Iowa's Advanced Manufacturing Technology Group.

Ozbolat told HuffPost Live's Caroline Modarressy-Tehrani that while current research is focusing on replacing failed organs, he's also interested in the prospect of developing a "brand new organ" that doesn't exist in nature but which could be transplanted to "enhance the functionality of the human body."
And he's thinking big. One possibility is an organ that generates electricity inside our bodies.
"For complicated organs -- for example, if the heart fails -- then you need a pacemaker. The pacemaker runs with batteries, and when the battery needs to be replaced, surgery is needed," he said. That procedure could be eliminated by creating "an organ that is going to be part of the human body and generate electricity that can run the heart."






















Source: HuffPo - http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/09/bioprinting-new-organ-electricity-video_n_5473949.html


There is still long way to go before fully functional organs

You will not be able to shoot lightning bolts from your hands anytime soon ... but one day ... one day ...


3d Bioprinting introduction, possibilities, problems and current state of technology





All you wanted to know about bioprinting and 3d printing with living cells summarized in 20 minute video. Must-watch if you are interested in the topic. Wei gives great overview of the field and current state of bioprinting technology which is truly amazing with incredible future possibilities (and problems to be solved).


Speaker: Prof. Wei Sun, Tsinghua University / Xin Innovation Workshop,

Presentation held at Tel Aviv University, 19 - 20.5.2014.

I found presentation by Prof. Wei Sun in PDF format similar to the one in the video which is great reference material on bioprinting:

http://nsfam.mae.ufl.edu/Slides/Sun.pdf

Conclusions are important and probably there are many scientists working on it right now:

In future we need the following to ensure 3d printed organs:
  • A new generation of biomaterials - Bio-Ink: go with cells (structure as cell delivery medium), grow with cells (support as cell ECM) and function with cells (as biomolecules)； 
  • Developmental Engineering (vs. Developmental Biology) to fill the biological knowledge gap; 
  • Bio-3DP manufacturing tools: viable, reliable and reproducible, and capable of making heterogeneous structures; 
  • 4-D 3DP model: embedded time into Bio-3DP model: printing Stem Cells with control released molecules for complex tissues, Organs, Cellular Machines and Human-on-a-Chip devices



3d printable Dremelfuge and revolution of DIY vaccine creation by Cathal Garvey





Cathal Garvey created well known Dremel / drill low cost centrifuge "Dremelfuge". Here is interview with him where he describes various possibilities of his work. It could help bring more advanced medicine and science to developing world for fraction of the cost of conventional equipment while being open source.
Biohacking is expanding everywhere, workshops are held even in my country of Croatia. 3d printed tools like this could help people everywhere to get economically viable equipment.

If you want to make your Dremelfuge, files can be found here:

http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1483


First post about Dremelfuge:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2012/11/dremelfuge.html


























Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=98peQ7kS4-M

Cellstruder v2 with retractable syringe

Cellstuder is extruder that is design to deposit living cells in liquid form for DIY biology, biohacking or low-cost science purposes. Main advancement when compared to v1 is ability to retract the syringe with additional powered screw.





























Files and instructions:

http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:251647

Here is the overview of Cellstruder v1:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2013/08/cellstruder.html

MTM Multifab multitool desktop manufacturing machine

MTM Multifab is truly multifunctional desktop manufacturing machine that was very innovative and ground breaking in the field of  DIY 3d printing when it was developed. Ultimaker, very well known and powerful 3d printer,  is based on this machine.
Multifab has several replaceable tool head options:

  • MACHINING SPINDLE, A high-speed (20K RPM) spindle supports light subtractive machining. The spindle can be constructed entirely from off-the-shelf compoents.
  • VINYL CUTTER, A razor blade tool which allows 2D cutting of sheet material. Some applications are flexible circuit boards, stickers, silkscreen masks, and more.
  • REPEATING PIPETTER, This fluid dispensing toolhead was created in collaboration with MIT's Innovations in International Health program, and has uses in automated biology research and disease diagnostics fabrication.
  • PLOTTER HEAD, A pen attached to the multifab can allow easy labeling of objects, caligraphy, etc...
  • 5 AXIS TRUNNION, This attachment permits 5-axis machining of components on the Multifab. Potential applications include variabl-helix screws, impellers, and 5-sided machining operations.
  • PLASTIC EXTRUDER, Based on the Rep-Rap project, this extrusion head will enable additive manufacturing in plastics such as ABS.



MTM Multifab 3d printing






























Here are some videos of Multifab in action writing and pipettering:





Demonstration of the MTM Multifab fitted with an auto-pipetting toolhead. The toolhead was designed with Amber Houghstow and Jose Gomez-Marquez of the MIT Innovations in International Health program, with the goal of automating production of XoutTB diagnostic assays. Perhaps it can also find a use in the DIY Bio community.
The MTM Multifab is part of the MIT Center for Bits and Atoms Machines That Make project.

Here is overview of Multifabs components, tools and development status:


http://mtm.cba.mit.edu/fabinabox/devmultifab.html

The instructions, plans and BOMs should be available for anyone who wants to build it, but all the files and documents links I tried on the site were broken. I hope it will be repaired soon, the public could benefit greatly with this machine.

Fab-in-a-Box


The Multifab is core machine of FAB in a Box framework system that should provide full digital fabrication environment that user could make at their home from simple parts. It contains:

Infrastructure. All of the key services which allow Fab-in-a-Box to be a cohesive toolset. These include the network, the box itself, power distribution, etc. It consist of the:

  1. VIRTUAL MACHINE ENVIRONMENT, The flexible Fab-in-a-Box machine control and interface environment.  
  2. THE NETWORK: FABNET, An RS485-based network is the nervous system of the toolset, which connects the "brain" - a laptop running control software - to the tools and sensors comprising Fab-in-a-Box. 
  3. THE SUITCASE, The suitcase is the heart of the matter. It is what contains the entire fab in a box project.

Multifab. A computer-controlled multipurpose fabrication tool. Work includes integration into the box, the xyz motion stage, and multiple toolheads to perform various fabrication tasks. Multifab has many subsystems, components and parts:

  1. XYZ GANTRY, The key component of the multifab tool is a high-speed and rigid xyz gantry capable of accomodating a wide range of fabrication processes.  
  2. 3-AXIS MOTION CONTROL, The multifab gantry is controlled by a networked controller board capable of controlling three stepper motor drivers simultaneously.  
  3. H-BRIDGE, This module is able to control the average voltage across a load, such as the spindle's DC motor, using a technique called Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).  
  4. RC SERVO CONTROLLER, RC servos, typically found in radio controlled airplane models, use feedback to control the position of their output shaft. This controller can set the position of up to 8 servos, and is used in the auto-pipetter toolhead.  
  5. MACHINING SPINDLE, A high-speed (20K RPM) spindle supports light subtractive machining. The spindle can be constructed entirely from off-the-shelf compoents.  
  6. VINYL CUTTER, A razorblade tool which allows 2D cutting of sheet material. Some applications are flexible circuit boards, stickers, silkscreen masks, and more.  
  7. REPEATING PIPETTER, This fluid dispensing toolhead was created in collaboration with MIT's Innovations in International Health program, and has uses in automated biology research and disease diagnostics fabrication.
  8. PLOTTER HEAD, A pen attached to the multifab can allow easy labeling of objects, caligraphy, etc... 
  9. 5 AXIS TRUNNION, This attachment permits 5-axis machining of components on the Multifab. Potential applications include variabl-helix screws, impellers, and 5-sided machining operations. 
  10. 1-AXIS MOTION CONTROL, Additional axes can easily be simultaneously controlled by adding them onto the network. The disadvantage as compared to a multiple-axis controller is increased network load.
  11. PLASTIC EXTRUDER, Based on the Rep-Rap project, this extrusion head will enable additive manufacturing in plastics such as ABS.
  12. JOG DIAL, The multifab can be positioned by hand using a networked jog dial. This interface can also provide more complex control of parameters typically adjusted on the computer such as feed rate.

Other Fab. All other tools needed to make something. Examples are the soldering iron, hand tools, and programming interfaces.

  1. SOLDERING IRON, A soldering iron with temperature adjustment over the network.
  2. AUTO BINS, Parts bins which light up to indicate where a needed component is located. This could be part of a computer-assisted-stuffing project.
  3. FUME EXTRACTOR, A fume extractor with a ring of LED lights around its intake.
  4. IN-CIRCUIT PROGRAMMER, A network-attached microprocessor programmer.
  5. NETWORK BOOTLOADER, A bootloader which fetches programs over Fabnet.

Measurement. Networked instrumentation such as a multimeter and oscilloscope. This is one area which will hopefully expand greatly on the road.

  1. MULTIMETER, A multimeter which displays and records its readings on the Fab-in-a-Box laptop.
  2. OSCILLOSCOPE, An oscilloscope which displays and records its readings on the Fab-in-a-Box laptop.

Autodoc. Everything related to making it possible to document a project "without thought".


  1. EYE-FI CAMERA, A camera which wirelessly tranfers its time-stamped images to the Fab-in-a-Box auto-documentation software.
  2. RFID READER, Keeping track of which hand tools were used, and when, is made easy with an RFID reader.


Some of the components were never developed, and most of the building related file links can not be opened. Probably all the files are somewhere on the internet, it would be terrible if they get lost forever. I REALLY hope someone publishes them as open source soon.


Here is the Fab-in-a-Box website:

http://mtm.cba.mit.edu/fabinabox/

PDF presentation:

http://mtm.cba.mit.edu/fabinabox/fabinabox.pdf

3d printing blood vessels on a RepRap

Printing blood vessels out of sugar at Uni Pennsylvania lab.


From video description:
Bioengineers have been steadily advancing toward the goal of building lab-grown organs out of a patient's own cells, but a few major challenges remain. One of them is making vasculature, the blood vessel plumbing system that delivers nutrients and remove waste from the cells on the inside of a mass of tissue. Without these blood vessels, interior cells quickly suffocate and die.
Scientists can already grow thin layers of cells, so one proposed solution to the vasculature problem is to "print" the cells layer by layer, leaving openings for blood vessels as necessary. But this method leaves seams, and when blood is pumped through the vessels, it pushes those seams apart.
Bioengineers from the University of Pennsylvania have turned the problem inside out by using a 3D printer called a RepRap to make templates of blood vessel networks out of sugar. Once the networks are encased in a block of cells, the sugar can be dissolved, leaving a functional vascular network behind.
"I got the first hint of this solution when I visited a Body Worlds exhibit, where you can see plastic casts of free-standing, whole organ vasculature," says Bioengineering postdoc Jordan Miller.
Miller, along with Christopher Chen, the Skirkanich Professor of Innovation in the Department of Bioengineering, other members of Chen's lab, and colleagues from MIT, set out to show that this method of developing sugar vascular networks helps keep interior cells alive and functioning.
After the researchers design the network architecture on a computer, they feed the design to the RepRap. The printer begins building the walls of a stabilizing mold. Then it then draws filaments across the mold, pulling the sugar at different speeds to achieve the desired thickness of what will become the blood vessels.
After the sugar has hardened, the researchers add liver cells suspended in a gel to the mold. The gel surrounds the filaments, encasing the blood vessel template. After the gel sets it can be removed from the mold with the template still inside. The block of gel is then washed in water, dissolving the remaining sugar inside. The liquid sugar flows out of the vessels it has created without harming the growing cells.
"This new technology, from the cell's perspective, makes tissue formation a gentle and quick journey," says Chen.
The researchers have successfully pumped nutrient-rich media, and even blood, through these gels blocks' vascular systems. They also have experimentally shown that more of the liver cells survive and produce more metabolites in gels that have these networks.
The RepRap makes testing new vascular architectures quick and inexpensive, and the sugar is stable enough to ship the finished networks to labs that don't have 3D printers of their own. The researchers hope to eventually use this method to make implantable organs for animal studies.
Text by Evan Lerner
Video by Kurtis Sensenig

via: http://go3dprinting.tumblr.com/

http://www.upenn.edu/spotlights/rep-rap-3d-printing-blood-vessel-networks





Skull shaped microscopic 3d printed bacterial cages

From the source:
By caging bacteria in microscopic houses, scientists at The University of Texas at Austin are studying how communities of bacteria, such as those found in the human gut and lungs, interact and develop infections.
In a recent experiment they demonstrated that a community of Staphylococcus aureus, which can cause some skin infections, became more resistant to antibiotics when it was contained within a larger community of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a bacteria involved in various diseases, including cystic fibrosis.
The work was published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The researchers use a novel 3-D printing technology to build homes for bacteria at a microscopic level. Their method uses a laser to construct protein "cages" around bacteria in gelatin. The resulting structures can be of almost any shape or size, and can be moved around in relationship to other structures containing bacterial microcommunities.
The method should enable an entirely new class of experiments that better approximate the conditions that bacteria encounter in actual biological environments, such as those in the human body.



































Source and detailed info:

http://phys.org/news/2013-10-d-scientists-bacterial.html

Cellstruder

For those special projects where you need to print something with living cells ...

Project description:
CellStruder is a 20mL syringe extruder powered by a NEMA stepper motor, capable of of precise liquid extrusion at the microliter level. Originally developed in Jeff Tabor's lab at Rice University, this device is currently being used for cell printing, enabling research in synthetic biology, biological pattern formation and engineering of cellular logic. An example print of E. coli cells expressing green fluorescent protein is shown above as well as microscopy of printed cells.






























http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:109040 by Ravi Sheth

Update (17.2.2014):

Cellstruder v2 is released, now with retractable syringe mechanism:

http://diy3dprinting.blogspot.com/2014/02/cellstruder-v2-with-retractable-syringe.html

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