If you're new to CNC machining, learning G-code is essential. G-code is the language that controls CNC machines, allowing precise movements and operations. Here are the first 10 G-codes every beginner should know.
1. G00 - Rapid Positioning
G00 moves the tool quickly to a specified location without cutting. This code is perfect for non-cutting moves and setup.
2. G01 - Linear Interpolation
G01 moves the tool in a straight line at a controlled feed rate. Use it for cutting along a straight path.
3. G02 - Circular Interpolation Clockwise
G02 allows the tool to move in a clockwise arc. Essential for creating curves and circular pockets.
4. G03 - Circular Interpolation Counterclockwise
G03 moves the tool in a counterclockwise arc. Works similarly to G02 but in the opposite direction.
5. G04 - Dwell
G04 pauses the machine for a set period. Useful for allowing coolant or spindle to stabilize.
6. G17 - XY Plane Selection
G17 sets the working plane to XY. It ensures all circular moves are calculated correctly in the horizontal plane.
7. G20 / G21 - Units Selection
G20 selects inches, and G21 selects millimeters. Always set units before starting your program.
8. G28 - Return to Machine Zero
G28 sends the machine back to its reference position. Use it at the end of a program for safety.
9. G90 - Absolute Positioning
G90 moves the tool relative to the program origin. It's easier to calculate coordinates with absolute positioning.
10. G91 - Incremental Positioning
G91 moves the tool relative to its current position. Useful for repeated operations or small adjustments.
Mastering these basic G-code commands will give you a solid foundation in CNC programming. Practice these first 10 codes, and you'll be ready for more advanced CNC operations.
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