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1. What is G-Code (Geometric Code)?
This section explains G-Code, the heart of CNC programming:
- Definition: G-Code is the primary command set used to define tool motion or geometric actions of a machine.
- Primary Function: Tells the machine "where to go and how to move."
- Example Basic Commands:
- G00: Rapid Traverse without Cutting. Used for free movement.
- G01: Linear Interpolation with Cutting.
- G02/G03: Circular Interpolation. Clockwise/Counterclockwise.
- G90/G91: Defines absolute or incremental coordinate systems. (Incremental)
- G40/G41/G42: Cutter Radius Compensation
2. What is M-Code (Miscellaneous Code)?
This section describes M-Code, which are additional commands used to control machine operations:
- Definition: M-Code is a set of additional commands used to control machine functions that are not directly related to movement.
- Primary Function: Tells the machine what to do, such as turning various functions on/off.
- Example Basic Commands:
- M03/M04: Turn the spindle clockwise/counterclockwise (turn on the cutter head).
- M05: Stop the spindle.
- M08/M09: Turn the coolant on/off.
- M06: Change the cutting tool.
- M30: End the program and return to the starting point.
3. Program Structure and Applications
This content links G-Code and M-Code together to create a complete program:
- Command Block Structure: Explains how a CNC program consists of command blocks (Block/Line), each of which can contain a G-Code, M-Code, and coordinates.
- Relationship: G-Code indicates position (X, Y, Z), while M-Code commands the machine to perform other functions necessary for cutting (e.g., turning on coolant or changing cutter heads).
- Importance for Programmers: Emphasizes that understanding both codes is essential for writing, editing, and verifying CNC programs to ensure accurate and safe production.
Principles:
- G-Code, M-Code, CNC Programmer
Level:
- Basic, CNC Commands, Command Codes
Technology:
- CNC Programming, CNC Control, Machine Language
Specialized Knowledge:
- Machine Control, Geometric Code, Miscellaneous Code
G-Code, M-Code, CNC Programming, Basic Commands, CNC Programmer
Here is the first image, illustrating the core concept of G-Code: 1. G-Code: Geometric Commands An illustration showing a computer screen displaying blocks of G-Code (e.g., G00 X10 Y5 Z2, G01 X20 Y10 F100). Next to it, a simplified diagram of a cutting tool moving along a defined path (rapid traverse, linear cut, arc) on a workpiece. The visual should clearly link the code to geometric movement.
Here is the second image, illustrating the core concept of M-Code: 2. M-Code: Miscellaneous Functions An illustration depicting a computer screen showing blocks of M-Code (e.g., M03 S1500, M08, M05). Alongside, simple icons or small diagrams representing machine functions: a spinning spindle (M03), a coolant nozzle spraying (M08), a tool changing arm (M06), and a program end symbol (M30).
Here is the third image, demonstrating how G-Code and M-Code work together in a program: 3. G-Code & M-Code Working Together A visual representation of a CNC machine's control panel or interface, showing a snippet of a CNC program where G-Code and M-Code commands are interspersed (e.g., N10 G00 X0 Y0, N20 M03 S1000, N30 G01 Z-5 F50). Arrows or highlights should connect specific lines of code to their corresponding actions on a simplified machine diagram (e.g., G00 to rapid movement, M03 to spindle rotation).
And here is the fourth image, highlighting the importance for CNC programmers: 4. Why G-Code & M-Code are Essential for Programmers A stylized image of a CNC programmer (human figure) at a computer, looking confident and in control, with a backdrop of a complex CNC machine or a finished precision part. Text overlay: "Empowering Precision" or "Mastering Machine Language."
