There are two simple projects: one is a simple candy bar style simple DIY cell phone and second one is a Tyfone smartphone.
From project site:
Project site with detailed information:
http://web.media.mit.edu/~mellis/cellphone/index.html
Tyfone
You can build your smartphone on Raspberry Pi named the Tyfone with custom Pythone based OS:
http://hackaday.io/project/5083-diy-smartphone
Here is a video of it in action:
From project site:
The DIY Cellphone is a working (albeit basic) cellphone that you can make yourself. It can make and receive phone calls and text messages, store names and phone numbers, and display the time. It builds on the hardware and software in the Arduino GSM Shield but extends it with a full interface, including display, buttons, speaker, microphone, etc. The source files for the cellphone are hosted on GitHub (hardware, software), which also includes an issue list where you can file bug reports or request enhancements.
Project site with detailed information:
http://web.media.mit.edu/~mellis/cellphone/index.html
Tyfone
You can build your smartphone on Raspberry Pi named the Tyfone with custom Pythone based OS:
http://hackaday.io/project/5083-diy-smartphone
Here is a video of it in action: