A Three-Step Process In order to understand what it is you are licensing, this paper proposes a three-step process:
Figure out which elements of your object or object file are eligible for copyright protection
This can be much harder in the world of physical objects than it is with exclusively digital works. Unlike with code or photographs, with physical objects you may actually have to search out what parts are and are not protected by copyright. You may also need to make a distinction between the object and the file that represents the object—something that rarely occurs in the more traditional copyright world. While this can be complicated, this paper will try to make it as intuitive and straightforward as possible.
Understand what copyright does—and does not—allow you to control
Although it sometimes can feel otherwise, a copyright that protects a work does not control every use of that work.1 Understanding what your copyright allows you to control— and what remains out of your control—is critical to thinking about how to license things. For example, you may have a copyright on a file that represents an object, but not on the object itself. In that case, you should be clear-eyed about the fact that even the most restrictive license on the file will not stop people from reproducing the object without your permission.
Choose your license
After you understand what parts of your work are protected by copyright, and what that copyright protections actually mean, it is time to think about licensing. Once you understand what you have the legal right to control, you can start deciding how you want to exercise that control. This Paper is Only About Copyright Your 3D object might be protected by more than copyright. It could be protected by patent, or by trademark.
So why is this paper only about copyright?
Mostly because copyright protection is free. If you create something that is eligible for copyright protection, it automatically gets copyright protection free of charge. There are good reasons to register your copyright, but registration is not required for protection. This means that you get a copyright without ever filling out paperwork, consulting a lawyer, or even wanting it in the first place
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THE BATTLE OF COPYRIGHT Source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:THE_BATTLE_OF_COPYRIGHT.jpg |
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| Halo figurines as example of character design |
Even as 3-D printing is poised to help democratize manufacturing, it’s often overlooked that many 3-D-printed items are far too complicated for users to digitally design.
Sure, people can now order 3-D-printed items online, or even make wedding-cake figurines using 3-D-printing services at certain stores. But these are simple, largely standardized products. What if you want a chair or car built to your exact specifications?
Now, a team led by CSAIL researchers has developed “Fab By Example,” the first data-driven method to help people design products, with a growing database of templates that allow users to customize thousands of complex items, such as cabinets, jungle gyms, and go-carts.
“When we design things on a computer, the question arises of how to manufacture them in the real world with the necessary physical parts — wood, glass, screws, hinges, bolts and all,” said project lead Adriana Schulz, a PhD student in CSAIL. “For casual users, creating such a detailed model is not just time-consuming, but it’s actually more or less impossible unless you know something about mechanical engineering.”
Fab By Example’s intuitive drag-and-drop interface lets you mix and match materials — and position, align, and connect the different parts — without worrying if the design is actually feasible.
“The technology allows you to design and fabricate practically any off-the-wall idea that’s bouncing around your head,” Schulz said.
The system, which is not yet available to the public, currently has dozens of distinct template models, each composed of hundreds of parts, down to the individual screws of a go-cart. The models are all “parametric,” meaning that they can be manipulated to take on a nearly infinite number of different shapes. Schulz says that the team’s database of templates is currently meant to be illustrative, and could evolve to include models of cars, houses, or practically any fabricable object.
For a given project, Fab By Example allows you to see what specific parts are needed and how much they cost; you could then order the materials right from the database, with the option to optimize for price or speed-of-delivery. (Currently, you’d still need to assemble the product, but Schulz envisions a future where the database could be tied to an installation service that would send someone to your home to build it.)
Where previous do-it-yourself design databases have required an advanced degree, or at least expertise in computer-assisted design (CAD) software, the team says that now even someone with simple computer skills can make a own customizable item.
The work was developed by Schulz; CSAIL postdocs David I.W. Levin and Pitchaya Sitthi-amorn; Wojciech Matusik, an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT; and Ariel Shamir, a professor at the Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya in Israel. The team will be presenting its system at this month’s Siggraph graphics conference.
In the future, Schulz says that the team will be working with CSAIL colleagues to incorporate designs for robots that could be assembled, customized, and even printed from home.Here is a video of software in action:
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| Key parameters to validate a 3d model |
As 3D printers become affordable and ubiquitous, they are also becoming smaller, placing severe constraints on the scale of objects we can create. Hyperform is an investigation into folding as a computational design strategy for compressing large scale objects into the small volume of desktop 3D printers.
Hyperform was developed by:
Marcelo Coelho (http://www.cmarcelo.com)
Skylar Tibbits (http://sjet.us/)
Formlabs, Inc (http://formlabs.com/)
Support by: Ars Electronica and [The Next Idea] Voestalpine Art and Technology Grant
3-PRING PRODUCT is a new D.I.Y. idea proposal that can change the usage of the product,or pursue user’s own better usability by adding 3D-printed parts to ready-made products.This time we used ready-made products of MUJI as an example.
Just like ‘Sampling Techniques’ in music industry which creating a new track by quoting tracks or sounds in the past,create an original product with adding own made parts while quoting ready-made product.
In this instance, We treat a 3D printer as a music instrument that can enhance the prospect exponentially for this 'sampling' process.
With making joint parts for plastic product, or parts which utilized size that is peculiar to ready-made product by 3D printer,it expand the possibility of incubate a new kind of customizing at this 3D printer generation.
From this perspective, the products in stores are not so much completed product but semifinished product,in another words, we can retake them as a material for new creation.
This kind of changing perspective is that we wanted design through this project,
and we also think there are possibilities for new creation regarding products in intermediate region where connect between 'consumer' and 'manufacture', not a choice between the two of them.
This folding stool, called "One__Shot.MGX", was manufactured using a 3D printing process known as selective laser sintering. It is made from Polyamide, a type of nylon plastic. The stool was designed by Patrick Jouin in 2006 and acquired into the Cooper Hewitt Museum's collection in 2008.There are many interesting furniture pieces produced by additive manufacturing and digital fabrication methods, see some examples here:
Preparing DICOM images (CT/MRT) for 3d printing using Seg3D, Imagevis3D (University of Utah, CIBC) and Meshmixer.
Seg3D offers the advantage to apply filters, but it's not absolutely necessary. Imagevis3D can load DICOM stacks as well and the rendered isosurface may be exported as mesh directly. In this video I used the gaussian filter of Seg3D to smooth the model a little bit.
Software Downloads:
http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc-software...http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc-software...http://www.meshmixer.com/download.html
faBrickation a new approach to rapid prototyping of functional objects, such as the body of a head-mounted display. The key idea is to save 3D printing time by automatically substituting sub-volumes with standard building blocks — in our case Lego bricks.
When making the body for a head-mounted display, for example, getting the optical path right is paramount. Users thus mark the lens mounts as “high-resolution” to indicate that these should later be 3D printed. faBrickator then 3D prints these parts. It also generates instructions that show users how to create everything else from Lego bricks.
If users iterate on the design later, faBrickator offers even greater benefit as it allows re-printing only the elements that changed. We validated our system at the example of three 3D models of functional objects. On average, our system fabricates objects 2.44 times faster than traditional 3D printing while requiring only 14 minutes of manual assembly.
More Information: http://www.hpi.uni-potsdam.de/baudisc...
faBrickation is a research project by
Stefanie Mueller, http://www.stefaniemueller.org
Tobias Mohr,
Kerstin Guenther,
Johannes Frohnhofen,
Patrick Baudisch, http://www.patrickbaudisch.com
Hasso Plattner Institute, Germany
OpenScad is able to check for changes of files and automatically recompile if a file change occurs. To use this feature enable "Design->Automatic Reload and Compile"
Once the feature is activated, just load the scad file within OpenSCAD as usual ("File->Open..").
After that, open the scad file in your favorite editor too. Edit and work on the scad file within the external editor. Whenever the file is saved to disk (from within the external editor), OpenSCAD will recognize the file change and automatically recompiles accordingly.
The internal editor can be hidden by minimizing the frame with the mouse or by selecting "View->Hide editor".Open SCAD is programmatic CAD that is used most often, but there are many others. Some of them have syntax coloring, and probably some more could be used with external text editors.
